Bhutan

        

Bhutan, 

Has strict requirements and regulations for acquiring citizenship. The process is designed to preserve the country's unique cultural heritage and maintain its national identity. It is important to note that Bhutan does not offer citizenship through naturalization, and the acquisition of citizenship is primarily based on descent and birthright.

Here are the primary ways to obtain citizenship in Bhutan:

Descent: 

The most common way to become a Bhutanese citizen is through descent. If one of your parents is a Bhutanese citizen, you may be eligible for citizenship. In such cases, you would need to provide proof of your Bhutanese parent's citizenship and meet any additional requirements set by the Bhutanese government.

Birthright: 

If you were born in Bhutan to parents who are both Bhutanese citizens, you are automatically eligible for Bhutanese citizenship.

Marriage: 

If you marry a Bhutanese citizen, you can apply for citizenship after living in Bhutan for a specified period, typically around ten years. During this time, you would need to meet the necessary criteria, such as demonstrating proficiency in Dzongkha (the national language), adherence to Bhutanese customs, and integration into Bhutanese society.

Renunciation of Previous Citizenship: 

Bhutan does not generally allow dual citizenship. If you acquire Bhutanese citizenship, you may be required to renounce your previous citizenship, depending on the laws of your home country.

Language and Cultural Requirements: 

Bhutan places importance on preserving its unique culture and national identity. As part of the citizenship process, you may be required to demonstrate proficiency in Dzongkha, the national language of Bhutan. Additionally, you may need to show an understanding and adherence to Bhutanese customs, traditions, and values.

Documentation and Eligibility: 

When applying for Bhutanese citizenship, you will need to provide various documents, such as birth certificates, proof of parent's citizenship, marriage certificates (if applicable), and other relevant identification documents. Each case is evaluated individually, and eligibility criteria may vary based on specific circumstances.

Special Categories: 

Bhutan recognizes special categories of individuals who may be eligible for citizenship, including stateless persons residing in Bhutan before 1958 and individuals from the Nepali-speaking communities who were expelled or voluntarily left Bhutan during the 1990s. These cases involve specific processes and considerations.

Government Discretion: 

Ultimately, the granting of Bhutanese citizenship is at the discretion of the Bhutanese government. They carefully review each application and assess the applicant's eligibility based on the provided documentation, adherence to the criteria, and other relevant factors.

Naturalization: 

While Bhutan does not have a standard naturalization process, there are some rare cases where individuals who have made exceptional contributions to Bhutan may be granted citizenship. This process is known as "naturalization by special grant" and is typically reserved for individuals with significant accomplishments in fields such as medicine, education, or sports, among others. However, the criteria and requirements for such cases are stringent and decided on a case-by-case basis.

Bhutanese Descent from Maternal Line: 

In most cases, Bhutanese citizenship is derived through paternal lineage. However, Bhutan passed a Citizenship Act in 1985, which allows individuals to acquire citizenship if they can prove their Bhutanese descent through their maternal line. The process involves providing evidence of the mother's Bhutanese citizenship and fulfilling other necessary requirements.

Children of Mixed Marriages: 

If you are born to one Bhutanese parent and one non-Bhutanese parent, you may be eligible for Bhutanese citizenship. The specific conditions and requirements may vary, and it is advisable to consult with Bhutanese authorities for detailed information.

Investment or Business-Related Opportunities: 

Bhutan encourages foreign investment, but acquiring citizenship through investment or business activities is extremely rare. The government may consider granting citizenship to individuals who have made substantial investments in Bhutan and have made significant contributions to the country's economic development. However, these cases are highly exceptional and subject to strict scrutiny.

Citizenship by Naturalization: 

Bhutan does have provisions for citizenship by naturalization, although they are limited. The Royal Government of Bhutan has the authority to grant citizenship through naturalization on rare occasions. This process typically involves demonstrating a deep understanding and appreciation of Bhutanese culture, history, and values, as well as a strong commitment to the country. It is important to note that naturalization is rarely granted, and the decision lies solely with the Bhutanese government.

Length of Residency: 

For individuals seeking citizenship through naturalization or marriage, there is often a requirement of a significant period of residency in Bhutan. The specific duration of residency required can vary depending on the circumstances and is determined by the Bhutanese government. Typically, this period ranges from 5 to 10 years of continuous residence.

Dependents: 

Spouses and minor children of Bhutanese citizens are also eligible for citizenship. The process for obtaining citizenship as a dependent involves meeting specific criteria and providing the necessary documentation to establish the relationship with the Bhutanese citizen.

Citizenship by Exceptional Service: 

Bhutanese citizenship can also be granted to individuals who have rendered exceptional service to the country. This may include individuals who have made significant contributions in areas such as culture, sports, academia, or public service. The process for citizenship in such cases involves a thorough evaluation by the Bhutanese government.

Legal Assistance: 

Given the complex nature of the citizenship process in Bhutan, it is advisable to seek legal assistance from a qualified attorney or immigration expert who is familiar with Bhutanese immigration laws. They can provide guidance, help prepare the necessary documents, and assist with navigating the application process.

        

In conclusion, acquiring Bhutanese citizenship is a process that involves strict regulations and requirements. Bhutan primarily grants citizenship based on descent, birthright, and, in rare cases, exceptional contributions to the country. Descent from a Bhutanese parent or being born in Bhutan to Bhutanese parents automatically qualifies individuals for citizenship.

Marriage to a Bhutanese citizen may also make you eligible for citizenship, but it typically requires a significant period of residency in Bhutan and adherence to Bhutanese customs and language proficiency. Bhutan does not generally offer citizenship through naturalization, and such cases are rare and granted at the discretion of the Bhutanese government.

It's important to note that Bhutan prioritizes the preservation of its cultural heritage and national identity in the citizenship process. The specific requirements, documentation, and processes for acquiring Bhutanese citizenship can vary based on individual circumstances. 

To obtain accurate and up-to-date information, it is recommended to contact the Ministry of Home and Cultural Affairs of Bhutan or consult with the Bhutanese Embassy or Consulate in your country of residence. They will provide specific guidance based on your situation.